The Jewish Calendar
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The Jews used two kinds of calendars:
Civil Calendar: official calendar of kings, childbirth, and
contracts
Sacred Calendar: from which festivals were computed
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Names of
Months
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Corresponds
with
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No. of
Days
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Month of
Civil Year
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Month of
Sacred Year
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Tishri
Heshvan
Chislev
Tebeth
Shebat
Adar
Nisan
Iyar
Sivan
Tammuz
Ab
* Elul
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Sept-Oct
Oct-Nov
Nov-Dec
Dec-Jan
Jan-Feb
Feb-Mar
Mar-Apr
Apr-May
May-June
June-July
July-Aug
Aug-Sept
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30
29 or 30
29 or 30
29
30
29 or 30
30
29
30
29
30
29
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1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
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7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
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* Hebrew months were alternately 30 and 29 days long.
Their year, shorter than ours, had 354 days. Therefore,
about every 3 years (7 times in 19 years) an extra 29-day-
month, VEADAR, was added between ADAR and NISAN.
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The Jewish Day was from sunset to sunset, in 8 equal parts:
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First Watch
Second Watch
Third Watch
Fourth Watch
First Watch
Second Watch
Third Watch
Fourth Watch
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Sunset to 9 P.M.
9 P.M. to Midnight
Midnight to 3 A.M.
3 A.M. to Sunrise
Sunrise to 9 A.M.
9 A.M. to Noon
Noon to 3 P.M.
3 P.M. to Sunset
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