As I mentioned in the previous study guide, Judas was the leaven cast out from the Passover feast. Perhaps Jesus chose him as a disciple - one of the Twelve - as a warning to Christians in the future that such people may be in their ranks even among the leadership. He already made this clear concerning the religious leadership of Israel, but the church should also be discerning and judge concerning those supposedly within the faith. What business is it of mine to judge those outside the church? Are you not to judge those inside? God will judge those outside. "Expel the wicked man from among you." 1Cor 5:12,13 And so Paul also warns the Ephesian elders in Acts 20 saying, "Even from your own number men will arise and distort the truth in order to draw away disciples after them. So be on your guard!" Acts 20:30,31

Judas was after money. The earliest record of his decision to betray Christ is found in Matthew and Mark both accounts of which follow the incident in which a woman had poured expensive perfume on Jesus. John records that it was Judas who objected to this waste of money. Then in John 12:6 it says, "He did not say this because he cared about the poor but because he was a thief; as keeper of the money bag, he used to help himself to what was put into it." Judas was hoping to get rich from the charity of others. He is like some "Christians" who are motivated by greed and steal what is given by others in charity. If Jesus is not around, these kind of people will also teach false doctrine for the purpose of financial gain, as Paul writes:

"If anyone teaches false doctrines and does not agree to the sound instruction of our Lord Jesus Christ and to godly teaching,  he is conceited and understands nothing. He has an unhealthy interest in controversies and quarrels about words that result in envy, strife, malicious talk, evil suspicions  and constant friction between men of corrupt mind, who have been robbed of the truth and who think that godliness is a means to financial gain." 1Tim 6:3-5

Some reckon that Judas repented and was saved. But this is not a proper repentance. There are many, especially in non-Christian religions, who recognize that they are sinners and that they have sinned. That doesn't save them. Here we see that Judas was not looking for the forgiveness of his sins, but rather he was determined to pay the penalty for his own sin. He put himself in the place of God and acted as his own judge and executioner - leaving God out of the picture. He rejected Christ as the atoning sacrifice for his sins. And he didn't call upon God as his Savior.

But this also speaks of the irresponsibility of the institutional religious leaders. For here was a man who came to them confessing his sins and with an apparent desire to repent. But what was their response? "We don't care!" Thus they were also willing accomplices in pushing him to suicide. But then again these are the type of people that Judas went to. Why didn't he go to the other disciples and confess his sins? Because he had no intention of joining them. He identified himself with the same people who crucified Christ. In a sense he was worst than them in that he knew Christ more and thus even as a betrayer could say confidently that Jesus was innocent. This is particularly interesting in view of the fact that it is commonly human nature to condemn unjustly out of anger and then afterwards justify oneself. But Judas simply could not justify such a betrayal. Perhaps he didn't think it would lead to Christ's death. Often we underestimate the effects of sin. And we may also overestimate the "goodness" of other people.

There is nothing in the Law of Moses that specifically speaks of "blood money" nor or putting blood money into the treasury. However they may have derived a specific application from Deut 23:18 which says, "You must not bring the earnings of a female prostitute or of a male prostitute into the house of the LORD your God to pay any vow, because the LORD your God detests them both." And I think they appropriately expanded this to incorporate all money which is a product of sinful behavior. But if this is the case, then it is an admission on their part that Jesus was indeed innocent. Here was yet another classical example of the hypocrisy of these people, making much of minor things while neglecting the more important things. "You blind guides! You strain out a gnat but swallow a camel." Matt 23:24

The reference to Jeremiah is actually recorded in Zechariah. There have been three explanations for this discrepancy. One is that there was simply a transliteration error in the text, as the abbreviations for Jeremiah and Zechariah could be confused. Secondly it could be that by "Jeremiah" Matthew is simply referring to the prophets generically. Or that Jeremiah also prophecied this in an oral rather than written tradition.

It is quite insightful to read the context of the prophecy in Zechariah chapter 11.

4 "Pasture the flock marked for slaughter.
5  Their buyers slaughter them and go unpunished.
Those who sell them say, 'Praise the LORD, I am rich!' Their own shepherds do not spare them.

10 I took my staff called Favor and broke it, revoking the covenant I had made with all the nations.
11  It was revoked on that day, and so the afflicted of the flock who were watching me knew it was the word of the LORD.
12  I told them, "If you think it best, give me my pay; but if not, keep it." So they paid me thirty pieces of silver.
13  And the LORD said to me, "Throw it to the potter"-- the handsome price at which they priced me! So I took the thirty pieces of silver and threw them into the house of the LORD to the potter.

Matt 26:
69  Now Peter was sitting out in the courtyard, and a servant girl came to him.
"You also were with Jesus of Galilee," she said.
70  But he denied it before them all. "I don't know what you're talking about," he said.
71  Then he went out to the gateway, where another girl saw him and said to the people there,
"This fellow was with Jesus of Nazareth."
72  He denied it again, with an oath: "I don't know the man!"
73  After a little while, those standing there went up to Peter and said,
"Surely you are one of them, for your accent gives you away."
74  Then he began to call down curses on himself and he swore to them,
"I don't know the man!" Immediately a rooster crowed.
75  Then Peter remembered the word Jesus had spoken:
"Before the rooster crows, you will disown me three times."
And he went outside and wept bitterly.

There are some similarities between Judas' betrayal and Peter's denial. Both did so for their own personal benefit. Judas was after money and Peter wanted to preserve his life. Both were sinners. But there are also significant differences. Although this was a act committed at a point in time, Judas' betrayal was the culmination of a prolonged chosen lifestyle of sin. But Peter's act was out of character. Judas jumped into sin whereas Peter stumbled into it. It was a temporary weakness of the flesh, as Jesus alluded to in the garden. "Watch and pray so that you will not fall into temptation. The spirit is willing, but the body is weak." Mt 26:41 And as we can see in his first statement of devotion to death the spirit was willing. Many times there are things which we intend, but find resistance from our flesh in carrying them out. And this is particularly true when confronted with sudden fears. They tend to invoke a knee jerk reaction.What is on our heart and in our spirit cannot be evaluated by such knee jerk reactions, but by our chosen lifestyle. And this is the difference between Judas and Peter.

Later Peter himself would write of the kind of "denying" that brings condemnation.

2Pe 2:1  But there were also false prophets among the people, just as there will be false teachers among you. They will secretly introduce destructive heresies, even denying the sovereign Lord who bought them-- bringing swift destruction on themselves.

"Whoever acknowledges me before men, I will also acknowledge him before my Father in heaven.
But whoever disowns me before men, I will disown him before my Father in heaven." Mt 10:32,33

"if we endure, we will also reign with him.
If we disown him, he will also disown us;" 2Ti 2:12,13

Luke 22:31,32  "Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to sift you as wheat. But I have prayed for you, Simon, that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned back, strengthen your brothers."

It is interesting to note the difference of Jesus' attitude between Judas and Peter despite the similarities of their actions. Judas he condemns outright. Peter he prays for and encourages. Here we see Him even giving Peter future responsibilities to strengthen the brethren even inspite of the fact that Peter would temporarily deny him. This is Jesus' attitude towards true believers who fall into temporary sin. He forgives even before the acts are committed. But also such sins do not disqualify them for service.